The study investigates the reproductive ecology of the endangered giant bumphead parrotfish at Wake Atoll, utilizing underwater visual census methods. It highlights critical findings on spawning behaviors tied to lunar cycles, including lek-based mating systems and significant aggregation dynamics. The research underscores the species’ role in coral reef ecosystems and suggests management strategies, such as spawning site closures during specific lunar phases, to aid in conservation efforts. This work offers essential insights for the design of marine protected areas and the protection of this keystone species.
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